How To Use Et Al In Text
Note that et al is not italicized.
How to use et al in text. With in text citation is there. Et al is simply a way of making your in text reference more concise and unobtrusive. As blythe et al. 2003 reported use the lead author s surname and et al. On the subsequent citations for three four or five authors.
For four to ten authors write out all names in the bibliography but only the first author s name followed by et al in in text citations. After the first author. Any time you have more than two authors the potential for using et al. Where a source document has been written by more than two authors some guidelines say more than three authors then you should replace all but the first author surname with et al. For all in text citations.
Articles with three four or five authors include all names in the first in text citation but are abbreviated to the first author name plus et al. For parenthetical citation of a work with 6 or more authors. As such the first citation should spell out all their names and any subsequent citation can include et al. For sources with four or more authors use the first name followed by et al. Specifically articles with one or two authors include all names in every in text citation.
For more than ten authors only the first seven are listed in the bibliography but the first author s name followed by et al is used in in text citations. Chicago manual of style cms. For example blythe et al 2003. Essentially means and others extra or in addition it is the abbreviated form of the latin expression et alia or et alii or et aliae the masculine and feminine form of the plural respectively. In apa 7 for a work with three or more authors list the first author and et al for all citations including the first citation unless doing so would create.
For sources with one two or three authors list all author names in your in text citations whether footnotes or author date. For a work with one or two authors include the name s in every citation. Use the lead author s surname and et al. For in text citation of a work with 6 or more authors. Here is how this could look.